Business AI 44 min

AI comparison: models, releases and scores since 2022

This comparison follows the major AI models released since ChatGPT, at the end of 2022, by ten publishers: five American, one French and four Chinese. For each, what changed and the score the publisher published at release. These scores show a trend, not a ranking: only a test on your own tasks can separate two models.

Contents8
  1. 01How to read the announced scores
  2. 02The timeline at a glance
  3. 03Publisher by publisher
  4. 04What four years of releases have changed
  5. 05Which model should you choose, then?
  6. 06How we keep this comparison up to date
  7. 07Update log
  8. 08Frequently asked questions

On 14 March 2023, three publishers announced a model on the same day: OpenAI presented GPT-4, Anthropic opened Claude and Zhipu published the weights of ChatGLM-6B. ChatGPT, released in November 2022, had started the race a few months earlier. This comparison puts the major releases of ten publishers in one place: what each one changed, and the score the publisher published that day.

Last updated: 18 October 2026. The log at the end of the article says what changed at each pass.

In short

  • Ten publishers tracked: OpenAI, Anthropic, Google, Meta and xAI in the United States, Mistral AI in France, DeepSeek, Alibaba (Qwen), Zhipu (GLM) and Moonshot AI (Kimi) in China.

  • Each score comes from the page where the publisher announced its model: it is measured by the publisher, under its own conditions, and mostly compares with releases from the same period.

  • Tests wear out: the best models exceed 90% on MMLU, and harder tests take over.

  • The gaps are narrowing and prices are falling: the cost of a level equivalent to GPT-3.5 was divided by more than 280 between November 2022 and October 2024, according to Stanford’s AI Index report.

  • To choose a model, nothing replaces a test on your own tasks.

How to read the announced scores

Definition

Benchmark

A standardised test: the same questions put to each model, with a score at the end.

Publishers do not always cite the same benchmarks, because a test that every model passes no longer says anything. Here are the tests that come up in the tables below.

TestWhat it measuresReference point
MMLU (2020)Multiple-choice questions in 57 subjects, from elementary mathematics to lawOver 90% for the best models, the authors of HLE noted in early 2025
GPQA Diamond (2023)The 198 best questions from a biology, physics and chemistry test written by specialists, with four choicesOn the full test, PhDs in the field score 65%, non-specialists 34% despite more than 30 minutes on the web; chance gives 25%
SWE-bench Verified (2024)Fixing real bugs in public Python projects from their tickets, with tests: 500 problems checked by handOn the first version (2023), the best model tested solved 1.96%
Humanity’s Last Exam (2025)2,500 questions from dozens of disciplines, written by specialists, that a quick internet search is not enough to solveCreated because earlier tests no longer separated the best models
ARC-AGI-2 (2025)New logic puzzles, easy for a human and hard for an AI, as the organisers describe themEach task was solved by at least two people, in two attempts at most
AIMEAn American mathematics competition, a qualifier for the high school olympiad; each answer is a whole number from 0 to 999The problems circulate online once the competition is over: see contamination, below

Three precautions before comparing two figures

Each publisher measures in-house, in its own way. In December 2023, Google presented Gemini Ultra as the first model to beat human experts on MMLU, with 90.04%. The table in the Gemini technical report shows how: this figure comes from a method that generates 32 lines of reasoning before choosing an answer (CoT@32), while GPT-4’s 86.4% comes from a prompt with five examples (5-shot). With five examples, Gemini Ultra scored 83.7%. Number of attempts, tools allowed, thinking time granted: two scores can only be compared under equal conditions.

A public test ends up leaking. The AIME 2024 problems have been public since the competition, and the MathArena team (ETH Zurich and INSAIT) reports strong signs of contamination on them.

Definition

Contamination

A model may have come across the answers to a test during its training, and remember them rather than work them out.

MathArena’s counter is to evaluate models on a competition’s problems as soon as they are published.

An excellent score does not tell the whole story. MathArena and Stanford’s AI Index 2026 report each show it with a contrast:

What the best models achieve

  • In 2025, beating the top 1% of human AIME candidates (MathArena)

  • Winning a gold medal at the International Mathematical Olympiad, for Gemini Deep Think (AI Index)

What still resists

  • Writing proofs: a score below 25% at the 2025 US olympiad (MathArena, May 2025)

  • Reading the time on an analogue clock: 50.1% success for the best model (AI Index)

That is why a published score serves to spot candidates, and why you then test a model on your own tasks before putting it into production.

The timeline at a glance

The releases that mattered at the ten publishers, in the order they arrived. The details of each, and the score announced at release, are in the next part, publisher by publisher.

The star ★ marks around ten releases that made their mark: those that opened a path other publishers followed, served as a reference for their competitors or took the lead on release, according to the pages cited in this comparison.

2022 and 2023

DatePublisherModelThe key fact
Nov 2022OpenAI★ ChatGPTOpenAI’s conversational assistant opens the race to the general public
6 Feb 2023GoogleBardGoogle opens its conversational assistant to testers, then to the public in March
24 Feb 2023MetaLLaMAWeights published for research, from 7 to 65 billion parameters
14 Mar 2023OpenAI★ GPT-4Text and images as input; 86.4% on MMLU
14 Mar 2023AnthropicClaudeThe first public Claude, with Claude Instant
14 Mar 2023Zhipu (GLM)ChatGLM-6BZhipu’s first open weights, on the day ChatGLM launched
11 Apr 2023Alibaba (Qwen)Tongyi QianwenAlibaba’s first large language model, in beta for businesses
11 Jul 2023AnthropicClaude 2100,000 tokens of context
18 Jul 2023Meta★ Llama 2Open weights, commercial use allowed
3 Aug 2023Alibaba (Qwen)Qwen-7BAlibaba’s first open weights
27 Sep 2023Mistral AIMistral 7BMistral AI’s first model, with open weights
3 Nov 2023xAIGrokAn assistant that knows the news through X
29 Nov 2023DeepSeekDeepSeek LLM 67BDeepSeek’s first general-purpose model, with open weights
6 Dec 2023GoogleGemini 1.0Multimodal from training; 90.0% announced on MMLU
11 Dec 2023Mistral AIMixtral 8x7BAn open-weight mixture of experts, compared with GPT-3.5

2024

DatePublisherModelThe key fact
16 Jan 2024Zhipu (GLM)GLM-4New generation served through the API, presented as close to GPT-4
15 Feb 2024Google★ Gemini 1.5 ProOne million tokens of context
21 Feb 2024GoogleGemmaOpen weights drawn from the Gemini research
4 Mar 2024AnthropicClaude 3Three sizes and vision
17 Mar 2024xAIGrok-1 (open weights)314 billion parameters under Apache 2.0
6 May 2024DeepSeekDeepSeek-V2Mixture of experts, training 42.5% cheaper
13 May 2024OpenAIGPT-4o”o” for “omni”: the flagship model, faster and cheaper
7 Jun 2024Alibaba (Qwen)Qwen2Most sizes move to Apache 2.0
23 Jul 2024MetaLlama 3.1A 405B presented as the first open model at frontier level
13 Aug 2024xAIGrok-2Also understands images, after a test under a code name on LMSYS
12 Sep 2024OpenAI★ o1-previewA series of models trained to reason through reinforcement
22 Oct 2024AnthropicClaude 3.5 Sonnet (new version)Computer use in public beta
28 Nov 2024Alibaba (Qwen)QwQ-32B-PreviewQwen’s first reasoning model, with open weights
26 Dec 2024DeepSeekDeepSeek-V3671 billion parameters, trained in 2.788 million GPU hours

2025

DatePublisherModelThe key fact
20 Jan 2025DeepSeek★ DeepSeek-R1Open-weight reasoning under MIT, announced at the level of o1
20 Jan 2025Moonshot AI (Kimi)Kimi k1.5Multimodal reasoning, announced at the level of o1, on the day of DeepSeek-R1
19 Feb 2025xAIGrok 3Reasoning through reinforcement, and a first research agent
24 Feb 2025Anthropic★ Claude 3.7 SonnetA model that answers quickly or thinks for longer, and Claude Code
25 Mar 2025GoogleGemini 2.5 ProGoogle’s flagship thinking model
5 Apr 2025MetaLlama 4First mixture-of-experts Llama models, multimodal
16 Apr 2025OpenAIo3 and o4-miniVisual reasoning; 82.8% on GPQA without tools for o3
29 Apr 2025Alibaba (Qwen)Qwen3Optional thinking, 119 languages and dialects, open weights
22 May 2025AnthropicClaude 4Opus 4 and Sonnet 4; Claude Code generally available
10 Jun 2025Mistral AIMagistralMistral’s first reasoning model
9 Jul 2025xAIGrok 4Native tools; 15.9% on ARC-AGI-2
11 Jul 2025Moonshot AI (Kimi)Kimi K21 trillion parameters with open weights, designed for agents
28 Jul 2025Zhipu (GLM)GLM-4.5Mixture of experts under MIT licence, designed for agents
5 Aug 2025OpenAIgpt-ossOpen weights under Apache 2.0
7 Aug 2025OpenAI★ GPT-5A single system: a router chooses between a fast model and a model that thinks
21 Aug 2025DeepSeekDeepSeek-V3.1A single model, with or without thinking
6 Nov 2025Moonshot AI (Kimi)Kimi K2 Thinking200 to 300 tool calls in a row
18 Nov 2025Google★ Gemini 3 ProFirst in the LMArena ranking
2 Dec 2025Mistral AIMistral 3A large model of 675 billion parameters under Apache 2.0

2026

DatePublisherModelThe key fact
27 Jan 2026Moonshot AI (Kimi)Kimi K2.5Natively multimodal, up to 100 sub-agents
11 Feb 2026Zhipu (GLM)GLM-5744 billion parameters, “from code to engineering” in the publisher’s own framing
16 Feb 2026Alibaba (Qwen)Qwen3.5Natively multimodal, 201 languages and dialects
19 Feb 2026GoogleGemini 3.1 Pro77.1% on ARC-AGI-2
2 Apr 2026GoogleGemma 4Google’s open weights move to Apache 2.0
7 Apr 2026Anthropic★ Claude Mythos PreviewNot released, entrusted to cybersecurity partners
8 Apr 2026MetaMuse SparkFirst model from Meta Superintelligence Labs, closed
24 Apr 2026DeepSeekDeepSeek-V4One million tokens of context by default
22 May 2026Mistral AIMistral Medium 3.5Weights published under a modified MIT licence; 77.6% on SWE-bench Verified
9 Jun 2026AnthropicClaude Fable 5The Mythos class opened to everyone, with safeguards
16 Jun 2026Zhipu (GLM)GLM-5.2One million tokens of context
9 Jul 2026OpenAIGPT-5.6Three tiers: Sol, Terra, Luna
16 Jul 2026xAIGrok 4.5A model for code, trained with Cursor
16 Jul 2026Moonshot AI (Kimi)Kimi K32.8 trillion parameters, one million tokens of context
3 Aug 2026Alibaba (Qwen)Qwen3.8-MaxThe first Max-class model with open weights
10 Aug 2026MetaMuse Glimmer30 billion parameters under Apache 2.0
14 Aug 2026Zhipu (GLM)GLM-5.3All the gains from post-training, under a new licence
3 Sep 2026OpenAIGPT-6 AstraOpenAI’s first model at the “Critical” level in cybersecurity
10 Sep 2026DeepSeekDeepSeek-V4.1-FlashThe smallest of the new architecture, which understands images
21 Sep 2026xAIGrok 4.7A new, larger base model
22 Sep 2026AnthropicClaude Opus 5.5The level of Fable 5.1 on most tasks, 40% cheaper than Opus 5
30 Sep 2026GoogleGemini 4 ArgonUp to one million output tokens; first reserved for cybersecurity specialists, opened in the Gemini API on 13 October
6 Oct 2026Mistral AIMistral Large 41 trillion parameters, in preview; weights announced for the end of the month
12 Oct 2026MetaMuse WonderA series Meta presents as its most capable, for personal and professional agents
15 Oct 2026MetaMuse Spark OpenThe weights of a version of Muse Spark: 816 billion parameters, 42 billion of them active

Publisher by publisher

For each publisher, a paragraph on how it works (open weights or not, licences, what it emphasises), then its major milestones. The right-hand column gives the score the publisher published at release, with a link to the page that publishes it; when a score was only published later, the date is given.

OpenAI: GPT and o

OpenAI started the race with ChatGPT, in November 2022. From September 2024 to summer 2025, the company ran two ranges side by side: the GPT models, and a series of reasoning models, o1 then o3 and o4-mini, trained with reinforcement learning for complex reasoning tasks. GPT-5 brought them together in August 2025 in a single system: a fast model for most questions, a model that thinks for the hardest ones, and a router that chooses in real time. The same week, OpenAI published open weights, gpt-oss, under Apache 2.0. GPT-5.6 comes in three tiers: Sol, the flagship model; Terra, cheaper; Luna, the fastest and most economical; GPT-6 keeps Sol and Luna, and adds Astra above them.

On safety, GPT-5.4 Thinking is OpenAI’s first general-purpose model treated as having “High” capability in cybersecurity, and GPT-6 Astra the first to reach the “Critical” level of its preparedness framework. From GPT-4 Turbo to o3, the scores come from OpenAI’s public evaluation repository, simple-evals, which has not tracked new models since July 2025; since then, the system cards publish few scores in text, apart from HealthBench. Between two milestones, intermediate versions (GPT-4o mini, o3-mini, GPT-5.1 to 5.5, GPT-6 Sol and Luna, GPT-6.1 Sol); the table keeps only the milestones.

ModelReleaseWhat changesScore announced at release
GPT-414 Mar 2023Multimodal: text and images as inputMMLU: 86.4%; HumanEval: 67.0%; simulated bar exam: around the top 10% of candidates (technical report)
GPT-4 Turbo6 Nov 2023 (preview)A cheaper and better version of GPT-4, 128,000 tokens of context; final version with vision on 9 April 2024No score in the release notes; for the April 2024 version: MMLU: 86.5%; GPQA: 49.1%; HumanEval: 87.6% (OpenAI evaluation repository)
GPT-4o13 May 2024”o” for “omni”, the flagship model, faster and cheaperMMLU: 88.7%; GPQA: 53.6%; HumanEval: 90.2% (OpenAI evaluation repository)
o1-preview and o1-mini12 Sep 2024A new series, trained with reinforcement learning for complex reasoning tasks; o1 follows in the API on 17 Dec 2024MMLU: 90.8%; GPQA: 73.3%; HumanEval: 92.4% for o1-preview (OpenAI evaluation repository)
GPT-4.527 Feb 2025Research preview, OpenAI’s largest chat modelMMLU: 90.8%; GPQA: 69.5%; SimpleQA: 62.5% (OpenAI evaluation repository)
GPT-4.1, mini and nano14 Apr 2025Follows instructions better, better at code, up to one million tokens of contextMMLU: 90.2%; GPQA: 66.3%; HumanEval: 94.5% for GPT-4.1 (OpenAI evaluation repository)
o3 and o4-mini16 Apr 2025Mathematics, science, code, visual reasoning, technical writingWithout tools: MMLU: 92.9%; GPQA: 82.8%; MATH-500: 97.8% for o3; GPQA: 77.6% for o4-mini (OpenAI evaluation repository)
gpt-oss-120b and gpt-oss-20b5 Aug 2025Open weights under Apache 2.0; the 120b has 117 billion parameters, 5.1 billion of them active, and fits on a single 80 GB GPUAIME 2025: 92.5%; GPQA Diamond: 80.1%; SWE-bench Verified: 62.4% at high reasoning (technical report, filed on 8 August)
GPT-57 Aug 2025A single system: a fast model, a model that thinks for longer, and a router that chooses in real timeSWE-bench Verified: 74.9%; HealthBench Hard: 46.2% in thinking mode, against 31.6% for o3 (system card)
GPT-5.69 Jul 2026Three tiers: Sol, the flagship model; Terra, cheaper; Luna, the fastest and most economicalHealthBench Professional, adjusted for answer length: 60.5 for Sol, 8.7 points more than GPT-5.5 (system card)
GPT-6 Astra3 Sep 2026The most powerful model OpenAI has opened to the general public, and the first at the “Critical” cybersecurity level of its preparedness frameworkHealthBench Professional, adjusted: 64.7, 4.2 points more than GPT-5.6 Sol (system card, value corrected by OpenAI on 22 Sep 2026)

Anthropic: Claude

Anthropic does not publish the weights of its models: Claude is used through its app, through the API and through the major cloud platforms. The company has bet on code and agents: computer use from October 2024, then a model presented as the first hybrid reasoning model on the market, delivered with Claude Code, in February 2025; SWE-bench Verified comes back in almost every announcement. Since 2026, safety has divided the range: above Opus, the Mythos class was first reserved for cybersecurity partners, then opened to everyone under the name Fable, with safeguards that route some questions to a less powerful model. Between two milestones, intermediate versions come out every two or three months (Opus 4.1, Haiku 4.5, Sonnet 4.6, Opus 4.7 and 4.8, Sonnet 5, Sonnet 5.5, Haiku 5.5); the table keeps only the milestones.

ModelReleaseWhat changesScore announced at release
Claude and Claude Instant14 Mar 2023First public Claude, in two versions, one of them fasterNo score in the Claude announcement
Claude 211 Jul 2023100,000 tokens of context, progress in code and mathematicsHumanEval: 71.2%, against 56.0%; GSM8k: 88.0%
Claude 2.121 Nov 2023200,000 tokens of contextNo standard benchmark in the Claude 2.1 announcement, which announces half as many false statements, based on an internal measure
Claude 3 (Haiku, Sonnet, Opus)4 Mar 2024Three sizes, vision, 200,000 tokens of context; Haiku follows on 13 MarchScores given as an image in the Claude 3 announcement
Claude 3.5 Sonnet21 Jun 2024Beats Claude 3 Opus while running twice as fastInternal agentic coding evaluation: 64% of problems solved, against 38% for Claude 3 Opus
Claude 3.5 Sonnet (new version) and 3.5 Haiku22 Oct 2024Computer use in public beta: the model uses a computer the way a person doesSWE-bench Verified: 49.0%, against 33.4%; OSWorld, screenshot only: 14.9%
Claude 3.7 Sonnet and Claude Code24 Feb 2025A single model that answers straight away or thinks for longer; Claude Code in previewSWE-bench Verified: 63.7%, and 70.3% with a custom scaffold, on 489 of the 500 tasks
Claude 4 (Opus 4, Sonnet 4)22 May 2025Two models at once; Claude Code generally availableSWE-bench: 72.5% for Opus 4, 72.7% for Sonnet 4; Terminal-bench: 43.2% for Opus 4
Claude Sonnet 4.529 Sep 2025Leads OSWorld; stays focused for more than 30 hours on a taskSWE-bench Verified: 77.2%, averaged over 10 attempts; OSWorld: 61.4%
Claude Opus 4.524 Nov 2025An effort setting: you choose how much the model thinks, and so how much it consumesAbsolute score given as an image; in text, at the medium setting, Sonnet 4.5’s best score on SWE-bench Verified with 76% fewer tokens
Claude Opus 4.65 Feb 2026First Opus with one million tokens of context, in betaSearch in a very long text (MRCR v2, one million tokens): 76%, against 18.5% for Sonnet 4.5
Claude Mythos Preview7 Apr 2026Unreleased model, focused on cybersecurity, entrusted to the partners of Project GlasswingSWE-bench Verified: 93.9%; GPQA Diamond: 94.6%
Claude Fable 5 and Mythos 59 Jun 2026The Mythos class, above Opus, opened to everyone under the name Fable with safeguards; Mythos 5, the same model with fewer safeguards, for Glasswing partnersScores given as an image in the announcement; published in September 2026: HLE: 57.8% without tools, 63.8% with
Claude Opus 524 Jul 2026Close to Fable 5, for half the priceOn ARC-AGI 3, a score three times higher than the next model; published in September 2026: HLE: 56.6% without tools, 63.6% with
Claude Fable 5.1 and Mythos 5.11 Sep 2026The same model at two levels of safeguards: Fable 5.1 open to everyone, Mythos 5.1 with restricted accessHLE: 60.9% without tools, 65.0% with
Claude Opus 5.522 Sep 2026First model of the 5.5 family: the level of Fable 5.1 on most tasks, 40% cheaper to run than Opus 5HLE with tools: 67.7%; Terminal-Bench 4.0: 66.4%

Google: Gemini and Gemma

Google runs two families side by side. Gemini is closed, usable through the app and the API; Gemma publishes its weights, drawn from the same research as Gemini, under the Apache 2.0 licence since Gemma 4. The company bet early on multimodality (Gemini 1.0 is trained from the start on several types of data) and on very long contexts (one million tokens with Gemini 1.5). Its models first come out in an experimental version or in preview: Gemini 3.1 Pro still was in October 2026. In 2026, a new Gemini Flash came out almost every month (3.6 in July, 3.7 in August, 3.8 in September); the table keeps only the families.

ModelReleaseWhat changesScore announced at release
Bard (LaMDA)6 Feb 2023Conversational assistant on a lightweight version of LaMDA, opened to the public on 21 March in the United States and the United Kingdom; renamed Gemini in February 2024No score in the Bard announcement
PaLM 210 May 2023More than 100 languages, progress in logic and mathematics, four sizesNo score in the PaLM 2 announcement
Gemini 1.0 (Ultra, Pro, Nano)6 Dec 2023Multimodal from training, in three sizes, down to the phone with NanoMMLU: 90.0% for Ultra, with 32 lines of reasoning per question (see the precautions)
Gemini 1.5 Pro15 Feb 2024One million tokens of context, mixture-of-experts architectureFinds a passage hidden in a very long text 99% of the time
Gemma (2B, 7B)21 Feb 2024Open weights drawn from the Gemini research, commercial use allowedMMLU: 64.3% for Gemma 7B (model card)
Gemini 2.0 Flash11 Dec 2024Native image and audio output, built-in tools, twice as fast as 1.5 ProSWE-bench Verified: 51.8% with code execution tools, presented as a research result
Gemini 2.0 Flash Thinking19 Dec 2024Thinking mode: the model breaks the request down into steps before answeringNo score in the release notes
Gemini 2.5 Pro25 Mar 2025Flagship thinking model, one million tokens of contextHLE: 18.8% without tools, SWE-bench Verified: 63.8% with a custom agent
Gemini 3 Pro18 Nov 2025New generation, Deep Think mode, first in the LMArena ranking (1501 Elo)HLE: 37.5% without tools, SWE-bench Verified: 76.2%
Gemini 3.1 Pro19 Feb 2026Stronger reasoning, still in preview in October 2026ARC-AGI-2: 77.1%, more than double Gemini 3 Pro
Gemma 42 Apr 2026Google’s open weights move to Apache 2.0; four sizes, including a mixture of experts3rd open model in the Arena text ranking; GPQA Diamond: 84.3% for the 31B (model card)
Gemini 3.5 Flash19 May 2026A family geared towards action: the Flash beats 3.1 Pro in code and agents; Gemini 3.5 Pro, announced, had not been released in October 2026Terminal-Bench 2.1: 76.2%
Gemini 4 Argon30 Sep 2026New frontier model, up to one million output tokens; first reserved for cybersecurity specialists, opened in the Gemini API on 13 OctoberDeepSWE v1.1: 77.9%; AutomationBench: 51.3%, in first place

Meta: Llama and Muse

Meta published the weights of the whole Llama line, under in-house licences that changed with each version: research only for the first LLaMA, commercial use from Llama 2, the right to train other models with Llama’s outputs from Llama 3.1. With Llama 3.2, the licence for the models that read images excluded individuals and companies established in the European Union. In 2026, the new models come from Meta Superintelligence Labs, under the name Muse: Muse Spark comes out closed, served in the Meta AI assistant and then through an API, while Muse Glimmer publishes its weights under Apache 2.0. Muse Spark has had three updates (1.1 in July, 1.2 in August with the coding agent Muse Code, 1.3 in September), whose scores are only published as images or in PDF. In October came Muse Wonder, the series Meta presents as its most capable, served through its API and in Muse Code, then Muse Spark Open, which publishes the weights of a version of Muse Spark under an in-house licence with limited commercial terms.

ModelReleaseWhat changesScore announced at release
LLaMA24 Feb 2023From 7 to 65 billion parameters, weights reserved for researchLLaMA-13B beats GPT-3 on most benchmarks, LLaMA-65B rivals Chinchilla-70B and PaLM-540B (technical report)
Llama 218 Jul 2023From 7 to 70 billion parameters, commercial use allowedMMLU: 68.9% for the 70B (model card)
Llama 318 Apr 20248 and 70 billion parameters, trained on more than 15 trillion tokensMMLU: 82.0% for the 70B Instruct (model card)
Llama 3.123 Jul 2024A 405B presented as the first open model at frontier level; 128,000 tokens of context, eight languagesMMLU: 87.3%; HumanEval: 89.0% for the 405B Instruct (model card)
Llama 3.225 Sep 2024First Llama models that see images (11B, 90B), and small 1B and 3B models for the phoneMMMU: 60.3% for the 90B Vision (model card)
Llama 3.3 70B6 Dec 2024A text-only 70B, at the level of the 405B on several testsGPQA Diamond: 50.5%, against 49.0% for the 405B (model card)
Llama 4 Scout and Maverick5 Apr 2025First mixture-of-experts Llama models, natively multimodal; Scout reads 10 million tokens of contextGPQA Diamond: 69.8%; MMLU Pro: 80.5% for Maverick (model card)
Muse Spark8 Apr 2026First model from Meta Superintelligence Labs, closed: multimodal reasoning, and a mode in which several agents think in parallel (Contemplating)HLE: 58% in Contemplating mode
Muse Glimmer10 Aug 202630 billion parameters under Apache 2.0, for agents that run locallySWE-bench Verified: 76.0%; AIME 2026: 94.7% (model card)
Muse Wonder and Muse Wonder Full12 Oct 2026A series Meta presents as its most capable, for personal and professional agents: the models keep the context from one conversation to the next, pursue a goal, ask for clarification and check with the user before important actions; Muse Wonder is served through Meta’s API and in Muse Code, Muse Wonder Full to Muse Code subscribersScores given as an image in the announcement
Muse Spark Open15 Oct 2026The weights of a version of Muse Spark: 816 billion parameters, 42 billion of them active, one million tokens of context, for code and agents; presented by Meta as the most capable American open-weight model, and able to run on two Mac Studios; under an in-house licence with limited commercial termsScores given as an image in the announcement

xAI: Grok

xAI launched Grok in November 2023 with an argument of its own: real-time knowledge of the world through X. The company published the weights of Grok-1 under Apache 2.0 in March 2024, then those of Grok 2 in August 2025, under an in-house licence that allows commercial use in line with its usage policy, but forbids using it, or its outputs, to train other general-purpose models. Since Grok 3, the reasoning models have been trained with reinforcement learning, at pre-training scale with Grok 4; in 2026, the publisher, which now signs as SpaceXAI, is focusing on code and agents, with Grok 4.5 trained alongside Cursor and its own coding agent, Grok Build, in beta since May. Between two milestones, intermediate versions (Grok 4.1 Fast, Grok 4.20 and its multi-agent variant in March 2026, Grok Build 0.1 in May); the table keeps only the milestones.

ModelReleaseWhat changesScore announced at release
Grok3 Nov 2023Assistant in beta, which knows the news through X, after two months of trainingHumanEval: 63.2%; MMLU: 73% for Grok-1
Grok-1 (open weights)17 Mar 2024314 billion parameters in a mixture of experts, with 25% of the weights active for each token, under Apache 2.0; a raw base model, not tuned for conversationNo score in the weights announcement
Grok-1.528 Mar 2024128,000 tokens of context, 16 times more than beforeMMLU: 81.3%; MATH: 50.6%; HumanEval: 74.1%
Grok-2 and Grok-2 mini13 Aug 2024Understands text and images; an early version tested on the LMSYS leaderboard under a code name; Grok 2 weights published in August 2025, under an in-house licenceGPQA: 56.0%; MMLU: 87.5%; HumanEval: 88.4%
Grok 3 and Grok 3 mini19 Feb 2025Trained on the Colossus supercomputer, with 10 times the compute of the best previous models; reasoning models (Think) trained through reinforcement; DeepSearch, a first research agentAIME 2025: 93.3% at the highest compute setting; GPQA: 84.6%; LiveCodeBench: 79.4% for Grok 3 (Think)
Grok 4 and Grok 4 Heavy9 Jul 2025Native tools and real-time search; reinforcement at pre-training scale, on 200,000 GPUs; Heavy pursues several hypotheses in parallel; 256,000 tokens of context in the APIARC-AGI-2: 15.9%, a record for a closed model; HLE, text-only questions: 50.7% for Grok 4 Heavy
Grok 4 Fast19 Sep 20252 million tokens of context; reasoning and direct answers in a single model; 40% fewer thinking tokens than Grok 4, with comparable resultsGPQA Diamond: 85.7%; AIME 2025 without tools: 92.0%; HLE without tools: 20.0%
Grok 4.117 Nov 2025Open to everyone; better in creative, emotional and collaborative exchangesLMArena ranking (text): 1st with 1,483 Elo points for Grok 4.1 Thinking; preferred 64.78% of the time over the previous model
Grok 4.516 Jul 2026The publisher’s most intelligent model, designed for code, agent tasks and knowledge work; trained alongside Cursor; default model of Grok BuildDeepSWE 1.0: 62.0%; Terminal-Bench 2.1: 83.3%; SWE-bench Pro: 64.7%
Grok 4.612 Aug 2026Agents that work for a long time, interactive and visual workArtificial Analysis Intelligence Index: 61, at the level of GPT-5.6 Sol; CursorBench 3.2: 69.9%; DeepSWE 1.1: 65.9%
Grok 4.721 Sep 2026A new, larger base model; longer reinforcement learning, geared towards problems that take many hours; entirely new safeguardsCursorBench 4.0: 46.3%; DeepSWE 1.1: 71.0% at high effort; Terminal-Bench 4.0: 37.6%

Mistral AI

France’s Mistral AI alternates between three regimes. Open weights under Apache 2.0, usable without restriction (Mistral 7B, Mixtral, Mistral 3, Small 4); weights published under a licence that limits use (research only for Large 2, non-production for Codestral, modified MIT for Medium 3.5); and models reserved for its API (the 2024 Large, Medium 3). It emphasises the ratio between performance and cost, and raised €3 billion in September 2026 to bring a “sovereign”, open-weight AI up to the level of the best. The first milestone funded by this round, Mistral Large 4, was trained in its own data centres in Europe; in preview since 6 October 2026, its weights are announced for the end of the month.

ModelReleaseWhat changesScore announced at release
Mistral 7B27 Sep 20237 billion parameters, open weights under Apache 2.0Better than Llama 2 13B on all benchmarks tested, with no figure in the text
Mixtral 8x7B11 Dec 2023Mixture of experts: 46.7 billion parameters, 12.9 billion of them used per token; Apache 2.0MT-Bench: 8.30, presented as comparable to GPT-3.5
Mistral Large and Le Chat26 Feb 2024Flagship model reserved for the API, and launch of the Le Chat assistantSecond model available through an API, after GPT-4, with no figure in the text
Codestral29 May 202422-billion-parameter code model, more than 80 languages, weights published under a non-production licenceNo figure in the text of the Codestral announcement
Mistral Large 224 Jul 2024123 billion parameters, weights published under a research licence, 128,000 tokens of contextMMLU: 84.0% for the pre-trained version
Pixtral 12B17 Sep 2024Natively multimodal, images and text, under Apache 2.0MMMU: 52.5%
Mistral Small 330 Jan 202524 billion parameters under Apache 2.0, 150 tokens per secondMMLU: over 81%
Mistral Medium 37 May 2025Reserved for the API, sold on the ratio between performance and priceAt least 90% of the level of Claude Sonnet 3.7, at a significantly lower cost according to Mistral
Magistral10 Jun 2025Mistral’s first reasoning model; Small under Apache 2.0, Medium closedAIME 2024: 73.6% for Medium, 90% with a vote over 64 attempts
Mistral 3 (Large 3, Ministral 3)2 Dec 2025A large model under Apache 2.0: 675 billion parameters, 41 billion of them active2nd among open non-reasoning models on LMArena, for Large 3
Mistral Small 416 Mar 2026A single model for reasoning, code and instructions; Apache 2.0AA LCR: 0.72, with 3.5 to 4 times less text produced than comparable Qwen models
Mistral Medium 3.522 May 2026Mistral’s first “merged” flagship model, weights published under a modified MIT licenceSWE-bench Verified: 77.6%
Mistral Large 46 Oct 2026Public preview: 1 trillion parameters, 49 billion of them active, natively multimodal; weights announced for the end of the monthDeepSWE v1.1: 61.7%; Terminal-Bench 4: 28.3%; Cybench: 93%, on the preview

DeepSeek

DeepSeek has published the weights of its general-purpose models since the first, DeepSeek LLM 67B: first under an in-house licence that allows commercial use, then under the MIT licence from R1 onwards (“Distill & commercialize freely!”), and up to V4. The company bets on efficiency: a mixture of experts from V2, which saves 42.5% of the training cost compared with the previous model; V3 trained in 2.788 million H800 GPU hours; sparse attention with V3.2-Exp, together with a cut of more than half in its API prices; then one million tokens of context by default with V4. Between two milestones, dated updates (V3-0324, R1-0528, V3.1-Terminus); the table keeps only the milestones.

ModelReleaseWhat changesScore announced at release
DeepSeek LLM 67B29 Nov 2023First general-purpose model, 67 billion parameters, weights published with commercial use allowedMMLU: 71.3% for the base version; HumanEval: 73.78% for the Chat version (repository page)
DeepSeek-V26 May 2024Move to a mixture of experts: 236 billion parameters, 21 billion of them active; 128,000 tokens of contextMMLU: 78.5% for the base version; HumanEval: 81.1% for the Chat version (model card)
DeepSeek-R1-Lite-Preview20 Nov 2024DeepSeek’s first reasoning model, in preview, with no weights at releaseNo figure in the announcement, which claims the level of o1-preview on AIME and MATH
DeepSeek-V326 Dec 2024Mixture of experts of 671 billion parameters, 37 billion of them active, trained on 14.8 trillion tokensMMLU: 88.5%; GPQA Diamond: 59.1%; SWE-bench Verified: 42.0% (model card)
DeepSeek-R120 Jan 2025Open-weight reasoning under MIT, announced at the level of OpenAI o1GPQA Diamond: 71.5%; AIME 2024: 79.8%; SWE-bench Verified: 49.2% (model card)
DeepSeek-V3.121 Aug 2025A single model, with or without thinkingGPQA Diamond: 80.1% with thinking; SWE-bench Verified: 66.0% in agent mode, without thinking (model card)
DeepSeek-V3.2-Exp29 Sep 2025Sparse attention (DSA): results roughly equal to those of V3.1-Terminus, API prices cut by more than halfGPQA Diamond: 79.9%; HLE: 19.8%; SWE-bench Verified: 67.8% (model card)
DeepSeek-V3.2 and V3.2-Speciale1 Dec 2025DeepSeek’s first model that thinks while using tools; Speciale, a variant that computes for longer, announces gold medals at the 2025 International Mathematical Olympiad and International Olympiad in InformaticsScores given as an image in the model card; in text, V3.2 at the level of GPT-5, and Speciale above it
DeepSeek-V4 (Pro and Flash)24 Apr 2026One million tokens of context by default; V4-Pro has 1.6 trillion parameters, 49 billion of them active; final version of V4-Pro on 13 AugustGPQA Diamond: 90.1%; HLE: 37.7%; SWE-bench Verified: 80.6% for V4-Pro at the maximum setting (model card)
DeepSeek-V4.1-Flash10 Sep 2026The smallest model of the new architecture, which understands images: 552 billion parameters; dated update on 17 October, weights published, faster and with shorter answers according to DeepSeekGPQA Diamond: 90.9%; Terminal-Bench 2.1: 90.6% (model card)

Alibaba: Qwen

Alibaba publishes most of its Qwen models with open weights: first under its own licence, then mostly under Apache 2.0 from Qwen2 onwards. Its “Max” models long remained reserved for the API, until Qwen3.8, whose flagship model published its weights under an in-house licence that allows commercial use under conditions. The company emphasises multilingualism (201 languages and dialects with Qwen3.5, against 119 for Qwen3), native multimodality since Qwen3.5, and agents in 2026. Between two milestones, other releases slot in (Qwen1.5, Qwen3-Coder, Qwen3.6, Qwen3.7-Plus); the table keeps only the milestones. At the end of September 2026, Qwen 4 was being trained.

ModelReleaseWhat changesScore announced at release
Tongyi Qianwen11 Apr 2023Alibaba’s first large language model, first in beta for businesses in China; opened to the public with version 2.0, on 31 October 2023No score in the Tongyi Qianwen announcement
Qwen-7B3 Aug 2023Alibaba’s first open weights, under its Tongyi Qianwen licenceMMLU: 56.7% (model card, original version)
Qwen-72B30 Nov 202372 billion parameters, 3 trillion tokens, 32,000 tokens of contextMMLU: 77.4%; GSM8K: 78.9% (repository page)
Qwen27 Jun 2024Most sizes move to Apache 2.0; up to 128,000 tokens of contextMMLU: 84.2% for the 72B; HumanEval: 86.0% for the 72B Instruct
Qwen2.519 Sep 202418 trillion training tokens, stronger code and mathematicsMMLU: 86.1% for the 72B; GPQA: 49.0% for the 72B Instruct
QwQ-32B-Preview28 Nov 2024Qwen’s first reasoning model, with open weights; QwQ-32B follows on 6 March 2025, announced as comparable to DeepSeek-R1 with 32 billion parameters against 671GPQA: 65.2%; AIME: 50.0%
Qwen2.5-Max28 Jan 2025Large mixture of experts reserved for the API, trained on more than 20 trillion tokensScores given as an image in the announcement, which puts it ahead of DeepSeek V3 on GPQA Diamond and LiveCodeBench
Qwen329 Apr 2025Optional thinking, 119 languages and dialects, open weights under Apache 2.0Scores given as an image in the Qwen3 announcement
Qwen3-Max24 Sep 2025More than 1 trillion parameters, reserved for the APISWE-bench Verified: 69.6%
Qwen3.516 Feb 2026Natively multimodal: 397 billion parameters, 17 billion of them active; 201 languages and dialects; Apache 2.0GPQA: 88.4%; SWE-bench Verified: 76.4% (model card)
Qwen3.7-Max20 May 2026Proprietary model for agents; the announcement cites an optimisation run autonomously for 35 hours, with more than 1,000 tool callsSWE-bench Verified: 80.4%; GPQA Diamond: 92.4%; HLE: 41.4%
Qwen3.8-Max3 Aug 20262.4 trillion parameters, 95 billion of them active; weights published on 12 August, a first for a Max-class modelScores given as an image in the announcement; when the weights were published: GPQA Diamond: 92.6%; HLE: 43.6% (model card)

Zhipu: GLM

Zhipu AI, which publishes as Z.ai internationally, has opened its weights since its first chat model: ChatGLM-6B was released as open source on the very day ChatGLM launched, 14 March 2023. First under in-house licences that allowed commercial use after registration, then under the MIT licence, from the GLM-Z1 reasoning model in April 2025 up to GLM-5.2. GLM-5.3 moves to a licence of its own, which requires a security review from the largest operators of hosted models, above $10 billion in revenue over twelve months. The company bets on agents and code: since GLM-5.1, its model cards no longer publish SWE-bench Verified but SWE-bench Pro, Terminal-Bench and agent tests. Between two milestones come vision models (GLM-4.5V, GLM-4.6V), Flash and Turbo variants, and GLM-5.3-Flash, the first natively multimodal model of the GLM-5 series; the table keeps only the milestones.

ModelReleaseWhat changesScore announced at release
ChatGLM-6B14 Mar 2023Zhipu’s first open weights: 6.2 billion parameters, in Chinese and English, published on the day ChatGLM, based on GLM-130B, went onlineNo score in the announcement; published in June 2023: MMLU: 40.63% (ChatGLM2-6B repository page)
ChatGLM2-6B25 Jun 2023Context raised from 2,000 to 32,000 tokens, faster inferenceMMLU: 45.46%; GSM8K: 28.05% (repository page)
ChatGLM3-6B27 Oct 2023Tool calling, code execution and agent tasks built into the model; 32,000 and 128,000 token variantsMMLU: 61.4%; GSM8K: 72.3% for the base version (repository page)
GLM-416 Jan 2024New generation served through the API, presented by the publisher as close to GPT-4, with autonomous tools (All Tools); an open 9-billion-parameter version follows on 5 JuneThe original announcement is no longer online; published in June 2024: MMLU: 81.5%; GPQA: 35.7%; HumanEval: 72.0% (technical report)
GLM-Z1 and GLM-4-041414 Apr 2025Open-weight reasoning models, with 32 and 9 billion parameters, under the MIT licenceScores given as an image in the model card
GLM-4.5 and GLM-4.5-Air28 Jul 2025Mixture of experts of 355 billion parameters, 32 billion of them active; optional thinking; designed for agents3rd of all the models compared, closed and open, with an average of 63.2 over 12 benchmarks (model card); published in August 2025: SWE-bench Verified: 64.2% (technical report)
GLM-4.630 Sep 2025Context raised from 128,000 to 200,000 tokens, stronger codeScores given as an image in the model card; published in December 2025: SWE-bench Verified: 68.0% (GLM-4.7 model card)
GLM-4.722 Dec 2025Clearly better at multilingual coding agents and terminal tasksSWE-bench Verified: 73.8%; HLE: 24.8% without tools, 42.8% with (model card)
GLM-511 Feb 2026744 billion parameters, 40 billion of them active, with DeepSeek’s sparse attention; presented as the move from code to engineeringSWE-bench Verified: 77.8%; HLE: 30.5% without tools, 50.4% with (model card)
GLM-5.17 Apr 2026Long tasks: up to 8 hours of autonomous work, from planning to deliverySWE-bench Pro: 58.4%; HLE: 31.0% without tools, 52.3% with (model card)
GLM-5.216 Jun 2026One million tokens of context, long tasksSWE-bench Pro: 62.1%; GPQA Diamond: 91.2% (model card)
GLM-5.314 Aug 2026Same base model as GLM-5.2, all the gains come from post-training: code, long tasks, cybersecurity; weights published two weeks laterTerminal-Bench 2.1: 88.2%; HLE with tools: 62.5% (model card)

Moonshot AI: Kimi

Since Kimi K2, in July 2025, Moonshot AI has published the weights of its flagship models, after smaller open models (Moonlight, Kimi-VL). The licence is a modified MIT, with a single condition: display “Kimi K2” in the interface of a product that exceeds 100 million monthly active users or $20 million in monthly revenue. Kimi K3 moves to a licence of its own, which also requires a separate agreement from operators of hosted models above $20 million in revenue over twelve months. The company bets on agents: K2 Thinking chains 200 to 300 tool calls in a row, K2.5 directs up to 100 sub-agents in parallel; context goes from 128,000 to 256,000 tokens with the September 2025 update, then to one million with K3. Between two milestones, dated updates (K2-Instruct-0905) and specialised models (Kimi-Dev, Kimi-Linear); the table keeps only the milestones.

ModelReleaseWhat changesScore announced at release
Kimi k1.520 Jan 2025Multimodal reasoning trained with reinforcement learning, announced at the level of OpenAI o1AIME: 77.5; MATH 500: 96.2; MathVista: 74.9 in long reasoning (technical report)
Kimi K211 Jul 2025Mixture of experts of 1 trillion parameters, 32 billion of them active, designed for agents; weights publishedSWE-bench Verified: 65.8%; GPQA Diamond: 75.1%; MMLU: 89.5%
Kimi K2 Thinking6 Nov 2025A model that thinks while using tools, 200 to 300 calls in a rowHLE with tools: 44.9%; SWE-bench Verified: 71.3%
Kimi K2.527 Jan 2026Natively multimodal, text and images; a swarm of up to 100 sub-agentsHLE: 30.1% without tools, 50.2% with; SWE-bench Verified: 76.8% (model card)
Kimi K2.620 Apr 2026Long-running code, design through code, agent swarmsSWE-bench Verified: 80.2%; GPQA Diamond: 90.5% (model card)
Kimi K316 Jul 20262.8 trillion parameters, one million tokens of context, native vision; weights published later, under a licence of its ownTerminal-Bench 2.1: 88.3%; GPQA Diamond: 93.5% (model card); HLE: 43.5% without tools, 56.0% with (repository page)

What four years of releases have changed

Prices have collapsed. Stanford’s AI Index 2025 report measured the fall at equal performance. A task that was not cost-effective two years ago can be today, provided you choose the right model for each task.

Open models have caught up. The same report measures the gap between open-weight and closed models. A model you can run on your own server is no longer a second-rate choice.

More than 280 times

cheaper in October 2024 than in November 2022, to run a system at the level of GPT-3.5

1.7%

gap only between open and closed models on some benchmarks, against 8% a year earlier

Source: Stanford University, AI Index 2025

China is at the same level. According to the AI Index 2026, American and Chinese models have traded the lead several times since early 2025: DeepSeek-R1 briefly matched the best American model in February 2025, and in March 2026 Anthropic’s best model led by only 2.7%.

Models have learned to think before answering. In September 2024, OpenAI presented o1-preview, trained with reinforcement learning for complex reasoning tasks. The others followed within a few months: QwQ-32B-Preview at Alibaba at the end of November, with open weights, then on the same day, 20 January 2025, DeepSeek-R1, with open weights under the MIT licence, and Kimi k1.5 at Moonshot AI, both announced at the level of o1. The idea then merged into general-purpose models: Claude 3.7 Sonnet, Qwen3 and DeepSeek-V3.1 answer straight away or think for longer, as you choose. Today, the thinking effort, and so the bill, is often set task by task.

Code and agents made the biggest leap. In 2023, the best model tested fixed 1.96% of SWE-bench bugs. The AI Index 2026 records what followed on two tests: the Verified version of SWE-bench, and OSWorld, which has agents carry out real tasks on a computer, under several operating systems.

Success rate, before and after the leap

SWE-bench Verified, in one year

Before60%
Afteralmost 100%

OSWorld

Before12%
Afterabout 66%
Source: Stanford University, AI Index 2026

Agents still fail roughly one time in three on these structured tests.

Industry has taken over. Again according to the AI Index 2026, more than 90% of the notable frontier models of 2025 came from industry, not from public research.

Which model should you choose, then?

No table names the best model for you, because it does not exist in the abstract. An expensive frontier model is justified for writing a sales page or running a complex agent; for sorting thousands of messages, a small model, far cheaper, is enough, and it answers faster. Choosing the model is in fact only the third of the five questions in our guide to integrating AI in your business: the target task and where the data goes are decided first.

To get a first idea, Arena (formerly Chatbot Arena, created by researchers at the University of California, Berkeley) ranks models based on public votes: two anonymous models answer the same question, the person chooses the better answer, and the names are only revealed after the vote. It is a measure of preference, useful, but it knows neither your documents nor your constraints.

Three questions do the rest:

  1. The task. One model per use, tried on about twenty of your real examples: that is the method in our article on evaluating a model before production.
  2. Volume and price. What a task repeated ten thousand times a month costs, and the discounts available: see how an AI bill is calculated.
  3. Where your data goes. A publisher’s API, a European host or an open model on your server: the four levels of private AI help you decide.

Key takeaway

The names change every three months, the method stays

Spot the candidates from the published scores, try them on your own examples, then choose one model per task rather than one model for everything.

If you have to make this choice, or bring down an AI bill that keeps climbing, that is what our AI at the right cost offer is for: a test bench on your tasks, then a dated routing table that you keep.

How we keep this comparison up to date

Monitoring is automatic, publishing goes through a person:

How an update moves through

  1. Monitoring

    Every morning, the routine that prepares the drafts for this blog rereads about ten official publisher pages (blog, release notes, model card).

  2. The update

    A major release, meaning a new flagship model or a new family, adds a row to the timeline and to its publisher’s table, with the published score and the link to the page that publishes it.

  3. The review

    A person reviews the update before it goes online.

  4. The record

    Each update is noted in the log below.

This tracking feeds our own way of working. The table that assigns a model to each task in our automations is dated and revalidated every quarter: we rerun the test bench on the current tasks, note the suppliers’ prices and new releases, then update the table.

From the field

On the translation pipeline of Palmora Property, a property listings site in six languages that we operate, moving from DeepL to Gemini divided the cost by 60, and 95% of segments come out of the cache without calling the AI again. For sensitive data, an open model runs on our own server, with Ollama: nothing leaves.

Update log

  • 18 October 2026: on 17 October, DeepSeek published a dated update of DeepSeek-V4.1-Flash, with its weights; it is in line with the model. No new milestone at OpenAI, Anthropic, Google, Mistral AI, xAI, Alibaba and Moonshot AI; Meta and Zhipu were not reread that day.
  • 16 October 2026: added Muse Wonder, announced on 12 October, and Muse Spark Open, published on 15 October, at Meta; Gemini 4 Argon has been open in the Gemini API since 13 October. No new milestone at OpenAI, Anthropic, Zhipu, DeepSeek, Alibaba and Moonshot AI; Mistral AI and xAI were not reread that day.
  • 8 October 2026: Claude Haiku 5.5, released on 7 October, joins Anthropic’s intermediate versions; no new milestone at the eight other publishers reread that day.
  • 7 October 2026: added Mistral Large 4, in public preview since 6 October.
  • 5 October 2026: first version. Ten publishers, releases from November 2022 to the end of September 2026.

Frequently asked questions

What is the best AI today?

There is not just one. The best models are close together on public tests: in March 2026, according to Stanford’s AI Index, Anthropic’s best model was only 2.7% ahead of the best Chinese model. The right choice depends on the task, the volume, the price and where your data can go. A trial on your own examples settles it better than a ranking.

Are the scores published by publishers reliable?

They are accurate under the conditions the publisher chose, which are not always those of its competitor: number of attempts, tools allowed, version of the test. Above all, they show that a model is progressing compared with the previous one from the same company. To compare two publishers, look at independent evaluations, and above all test on your own tasks.

What is an open-weight model?

It is a model whose parameters its publisher releases: you can download it and run it on your server, without sending your data elsewhere. Meta, Mistral AI, DeepSeek, Alibaba, Zhipu and Moonshot AI publish them, as does Google with Gemma, OpenAI with gpt-oss and xAI with Grok-1 and Grok 2; Anthropic does not. The licence varies by model and can set conditions, up to a separate agreement above a certain revenue (GLM-5.3, Kimi K3): read it before building on it.

Are Chinese models up to standard?

On public tests, yes, more or less: according to the AI Index 2026, DeepSeek-R1 briefly matched the best American model in February 2025. Several publish their weights, which lets you run them in-house. For personal data, we never use the API of a provider outside the European Union without a contractual framework; an open model on your server settles the question.

How often is this comparison updated?

Every morning, about ten official publisher pages are reread. A major release goes into the tables after review, with its date, what it changes and the score published by the publisher, with a link. The log at the end of the article keeps track of each update, and the date of the last update appears at the top.

Sources

  1. GPT-4 (new tab)community.openai.com
  2. Claude (new tab)anthropic.com
  3. ChatGLM-6B (new tab)arxiv.org
  4. In November 2022 (new tab)edunewsletter.openai.com
  5. MMLU (new tab)arxiv.org
  6. GPQA Diamond (new tab)arxiv.org
  7. SWE-bench Verified (new tab)swebench.com
  8. The first version (new tab)arxiv.org
  9. Humanity’s Last Exam (new tab)arxiv.org
  10. ARC-AGI-2 (new tab)arcprize.org
  11. Gemini technical report (new tab)arxiv.org
  12. MathArena (new tab)arxiv.org
  13. AI Index 2026 report (new tab)hai.stanford.edu
  14. MathArena (new tab)arxiv.org
  15. Trained with reinforcement learning (new tab)developers.openai.com
  16. A single system (new tab)deploymentsafety.openai.com
  17. Treated as having “High” capability in cybersecurity (new tab)deploymentsafety.openai.com
  18. The first to reach the “Critical” level (new tab)deploymentsafety.openai.com
  19. Simple-evals (new tab)github.com
  20. MMLU: 86.4%; HumanEval: 67.0%; simulated bar exam: around the top 10% of candidates (new tab)arxiv.org
  21. MMLU: 86.5%; GPQA: 49.1%; HumanEval: 87.6% (new tab)github.com
  22. MMLU: 88.7%; GPQA: 53.6%; HumanEval: 90.2% (new tab)github.com
  23. MMLU: 90.8%; GPQA: 73.3%; HumanEval: 92.4% (new tab)github.com
  24. MMLU: 90.8%; GPQA: 69.5%; SimpleQA: 62.5% (new tab)github.com
  25. MMLU: 90.2%; GPQA: 66.3%; HumanEval: 94.5% (new tab)github.com
  26. MMLU: 92.9%; GPQA: 82.8%; MATH-500: 97.8% for o3; GPQA: 77.6% for o4-mini (new tab)github.com
  27. AIME 2025: 92.5%; GPQA Diamond: 80.1%; SWE-bench Verified: 62.4% (new tab)arxiv.org
  28. HealthBench Professional, adjusted for answer length: 60.5 for Sol, 8.7 points more than GPT-5.5 (new tab)deploymentsafety.openai.com
  29. HumanEval: 71.2%, against 56.0%; GSM8k: 88.0% (new tab)anthropic.com
  30. The Claude 2.1 announcement (new tab)anthropic.com
  31. The Claude 3 announcement (new tab)anthropic.com
  32. Internal agentic coding evaluation: 64% of problems solved, against 38% for Claude 3 Opus (new tab)anthropic.com
  33. SWE-bench Verified: 49.0%, against 33.4%; OSWorld, screenshot only: 14.9% (new tab)anthropic.com
  34. SWE-bench Verified: 63.7%, and 70.3% with a custom scaffold (new tab)anthropic.com
  35. SWE-bench: 72.5% for Opus 4, 72.7% for Sonnet 4; Terminal-bench: 43.2% for Opus 4 (new tab)anthropic.com
  36. SWE-bench Verified: 77.2%, averaged over 10 attempts; OSWorld: 61.4% (new tab)anthropic.com
  37. At the medium setting, Sonnet 4.5’s best score on SWE-bench Verified with 76% fewer tokens (new tab)anthropic.com
  38. Search in a very long text (MRCR v2, one million tokens): 76%, against 18.5% for Sonnet 4.5 (new tab)anthropic.com
  39. SWE-bench Verified: 93.9%; GPQA Diamond: 94.6% (new tab)anthropic.com
  40. The announcement (new tab)anthropic.com
  41. HLE: 57.8% without tools, 63.8% with (new tab)anthropic.com
  42. On ARC-AGI 3, a score three times higher than the next model (new tab)anthropic.com
  43. HLE with tools: 67.7%; Terminal-Bench 4.0: 66.4% (new tab)anthropic.com
  44. The Bard announcement (new tab)blog.google
  45. The PaLM 2 announcement (new tab)blog.google
  46. MMLU: 90.0% (new tab)blog.google
  47. Finds a passage hidden in a very long text 99% of the time (new tab)blog.google
  48. MMLU: 64.3% for Gemma 7B (new tab)huggingface.co
  49. SWE-bench Verified: 51.8% (new tab)developers.googleblog.com
  50. The release notes (new tab)ai.google.dev
  51. HLE: 18.8% without tools, SWE-bench Verified: 63.8% with a custom agent (new tab)blog.google
  52. HLE: 37.5% without tools, SWE-bench Verified: 76.2% (new tab)blog.google
  53. ARC-AGI-2: 77.1% (new tab)blog.google
  54. 3rd open model in the Arena text ranking (new tab)blog.google
  55. GPQA Diamond: 84.3% for the 31B (new tab)huggingface.co
  56. Terminal-Bench 2.1: 76.2% (new tab)blog.google
  57. DeepSWE v1.1: 77.9%; AutomationBench: 51.3%, in first place (new tab)blog.google
  58. LLaMA-13B beats GPT-3 on most benchmarks, LLaMA-65B rivals Chinchilla-70B and PaLM-540B (new tab)arxiv.org
  59. MMLU: 68.9% for the 70B (new tab)huggingface.co
  60. MMLU: 82.0% for the 70B Instruct (new tab)huggingface.co
  61. MMLU: 87.3%; HumanEval: 89.0% for the 405B Instruct (new tab)huggingface.co
  62. MMMU: 60.3% for the 90B Vision (new tab)huggingface.co
  63. GPQA Diamond: 50.5%, against 49.0% for the 405B (new tab)huggingface.co
  64. GPQA Diamond: 69.8%; MMLU Pro: 80.5% for Maverick (new tab)huggingface.co
  65. HLE: 58% in Contemplating mode (new tab)ai.meta.com
  66. SWE-bench Verified: 76.0%; AIME 2026: 94.7% (new tab)huggingface.co
  67. The announcement (new tab)research.meta.ai
  68. The announcement (new tab)research.meta.ai
  69. Real-time knowledge of the world through X (new tab)x.ai
  70. An in-house licence (new tab)huggingface.co
  71. The weights announcement (new tab)x.ai
  72. MMLU: 81.3%; MATH: 50.6%; HumanEval: 74.1% (new tab)x.ai
  73. GPQA: 56.0%; MMLU: 87.5%; HumanEval: 88.4% (new tab)x.ai
  74. AIME 2025: 93.3% at the highest compute setting; GPQA: 84.6%; LiveCodeBench: 79.4% (new tab)x.ai
  75. ARC-AGI-2: 15.9%, a record for a closed model; HLE, text-only questions: 50.7% for Grok 4 Heavy (new tab)x.ai
  76. GPQA Diamond: 85.7%; AIME 2025 without tools: 92.0%; HLE without tools: 20.0% (new tab)x.ai
  77. LMArena ranking (text): 1st with 1,483 Elo points for Grok 4.1 Thinking; preferred 64.78% of the time over the previous model (new tab)x.ai
  78. DeepSWE 1.0: 62.0%; Terminal-Bench 2.1: 83.3%; SWE-bench Pro: 64.7% (new tab)x.ai
  79. Artificial Analysis Intelligence Index: 61, at the level of GPT-5.6 Sol; CursorBench 3.2: 69.9%; DeepSWE 1.1: 65.9% (new tab)x.ai
  80. CursorBench 4.0: 46.3%; DeepSWE 1.1: 71.0% at high effort; Terminal-Bench 4.0: 37.6% (new tab)x.ai
  81. Raised €3 billion in September 2026 (new tab)mistral.ai
  82. Mistral Large 4 (new tab)mistral.ai
  83. Better than Llama 2 13B on all benchmarks tested (new tab)mistral.ai
  84. MT-Bench: 8.30 (new tab)mistral.ai
  85. Second model available through an API, after GPT-4 (new tab)mistral.ai
  86. The Codestral announcement (new tab)mistral.ai
  87. MMLU: 84.0% (new tab)mistral.ai
  88. MMMU: 52.5% (new tab)mistral.ai
  89. MMLU: over 81% (new tab)mistral.ai
  90. At least 90% of the level of Claude Sonnet 3.7 (new tab)mistral.ai
  91. AIME 2024: 73.6% for Medium (new tab)mistral.ai
  92. 2nd among open non-reasoning models on LMArena (new tab)mistral.ai
  93. AA LCR: 0.72 (new tab)mistral.ai
  94. SWE-bench Verified: 77.6% (new tab)mistral.ai
  95. “Distill & commercialize freely!” (new tab)api-docs.deepseek.com
  96. Saves 42.5% of the training cost (new tab)arxiv.org
  97. 2.788 million H800 GPU hours (new tab)huggingface.co
  98. One million tokens of context by default (new tab)api-docs.deepseek.com
  99. MMLU: 71.3% for the base version; HumanEval: 73.78% for the Chat version (new tab)github.com
  100. MMLU: 78.5% for the base version; HumanEval: 81.1% for the Chat version (new tab)huggingface.co
  101. The announcement (new tab)api-docs.deepseek.com
  102. GPQA Diamond: 71.5%; AIME 2024: 79.8%; SWE-bench Verified: 49.2% (new tab)huggingface.co
  103. GPQA Diamond: 80.1% with thinking; SWE-bench Verified: 66.0% in agent mode, without thinking (new tab)huggingface.co
  104. GPQA Diamond: 79.9%; HLE: 19.8%; SWE-bench Verified: 67.8% (new tab)huggingface.co
  105. The model card (new tab)huggingface.co
  106. GPQA Diamond: 90.1%; HLE: 37.7%; SWE-bench Verified: 80.6% (new tab)huggingface.co
  107. Dated update on 17 October (new tab)api-docs.deepseek.com
  108. GPQA Diamond: 90.9%; Terminal-Bench 2.1: 90.6% (new tab)huggingface.co
  109. 201 languages and dialects with Qwen3.5 (new tab)alibabagroup.com
  110. Qwen 4 was being trained (new tab)alibabacloud.com
  111. The Tongyi Qianwen announcement (new tab)alibabagroup.com
  112. MMLU: 56.7% (new tab)huggingface.co
  113. MMLU: 77.4%; GSM8K: 78.9% (new tab)github.com
  114. MMLU: 84.2% for the 72B; HumanEval: 86.0% for the 72B Instruct (new tab)qwenlm.github.io
  115. MMLU: 86.1% for the 72B; GPQA: 49.0% for the 72B Instruct (new tab)qwenlm.github.io
  116. GPQA: 65.2%; AIME: 50.0% (new tab)qwenlm.github.io
  117. The announcement (new tab)qwenlm.github.io
  118. The Qwen3 announcement (new tab)qwenlm.github.io
  119. SWE-bench Verified: 69.6% (new tab)alibabacloud.com
  120. GPQA: 88.4%; SWE-bench Verified: 76.4% (new tab)huggingface.co
  121. SWE-bench Verified: 80.4%; GPQA Diamond: 92.4%; HLE: 41.4% (new tab)alibabacloud.com
  122. The announcement (new tab)alibabacloud.com
  123. GPQA Diamond: 92.6%; HLE: 43.6% (new tab)huggingface.co
  124. A security review (new tab)huggingface.co
  125. The announcement (new tab)github.com
  126. MMLU: 40.63% (new tab)github.com
  127. MMLU: 61.4%; GSM8K: 72.3% (new tab)github.com
  128. The model card (new tab)huggingface.co
  129. 3rd of all the models compared, closed and open, with an average of 63.2 over 12 benchmarks (new tab)huggingface.co
  130. SWE-bench Verified: 64.2% (new tab)arxiv.org
  131. The model card (new tab)huggingface.co
  132. SWE-bench Verified: 68.0% (new tab)huggingface.co
  133. SWE-bench Verified: 77.8%; HLE: 30.5% without tools, 50.4% with (new tab)huggingface.co
  134. SWE-bench Pro: 58.4%; HLE: 31.0% without tools, 52.3% with (new tab)huggingface.co
  135. SWE-bench Pro: 62.1%; GPQA Diamond: 91.2% (new tab)huggingface.co
  136. Terminal-Bench 2.1: 88.2%; HLE with tools: 62.5% (new tab)huggingface.co
  137. Display “Kimi K2” in the interface (new tab)huggingface.co
  138. A separate agreement (new tab)huggingface.co
  139. AIME: 77.5; MATH 500: 96.2; MathVista: 74.9 (new tab)arxiv.org
  140. SWE-bench Verified: 65.8%; GPQA Diamond: 75.1%; MMLU: 89.5% (new tab)kimi.ai
  141. HLE with tools: 44.9%; SWE-bench Verified: 71.3% (new tab)kimi.ai
  142. HLE: 30.1% without tools, 50.2% with; SWE-bench Verified: 76.8% (new tab)huggingface.co
  143. SWE-bench Verified: 80.2%; GPQA Diamond: 90.5% (new tab)huggingface.co
  144. Terminal-Bench 2.1: 88.3%; GPQA Diamond: 93.5% (new tab)huggingface.co
  145. HLE: 43.5% without tools, 56.0% with (new tab)github.com
  146. AI Index 2025 report (new tab)hai.stanford.edu
  147. Arena (new tab)arena.ai
Source 3

ChatGLM-6B

Read on arxiv.org(new tab)
Source 6

GPQA Diamond

Read on arxiv.org(new tab)
Source 7

SWE-bench Verified

Read on swebench.com(new tab)
Source 8

The first version

Read on arxiv.org(new tab)
Source 9

Humanity’s Last Exam

Read on arxiv.org(new tab)
Source 11

Gemini technical report

Read on arxiv.org(new tab)
Source 12

MathArena

Read on arxiv.org(new tab)
Source 13

AI Index 2026 report

Read on hai.stanford.edu(new tab)
Source 14

MathArena

Read on arxiv.org(new tab)
Source 15

Trained with reinforcement learning

Read on developers.openai.com(new tab)
Source 17

Treated as having “High” capability in cybersecurity

Read on deploymentsafety.openai.com(new tab)
Source 18

The first to reach the “Critical” level

Read on deploymentsafety.openai.com(new tab)
Source 19

Simple-evals

Read on github.com(new tab)
Source 20

MMLU: 86.4%; HumanEval: 67.0%; simulated bar exam: around the top 10% of candidates

Read on arxiv.org(new tab)
Source 21

MMLU: 86.5%; GPQA: 49.1%; HumanEval: 87.6%

Read on github.com(new tab)
Source 22

MMLU: 88.7%; GPQA: 53.6%; HumanEval: 90.2%

Read on github.com(new tab)
Source 23

MMLU: 90.8%; GPQA: 73.3%; HumanEval: 92.4%

Read on github.com(new tab)
Source 24

MMLU: 90.8%; GPQA: 69.5%; SimpleQA: 62.5%

Read on github.com(new tab)
Source 25

MMLU: 90.2%; GPQA: 66.3%; HumanEval: 94.5%

Read on github.com(new tab)
Source 26

MMLU: 92.9%; GPQA: 82.8%; MATH-500: 97.8% for o3; GPQA: 77.6% for o4-mini

Read on github.com(new tab)
Source 27

AIME 2025: 92.5%; GPQA Diamond: 80.1%; SWE-bench Verified: 62.4%

Read on arxiv.org(new tab)
Source 28

HealthBench Professional, adjusted for answer length: 60.5 for Sol, 8.7 points more than GPT-5.5

Read on deploymentsafety.openai.com(new tab)
Source 29

HumanEval: 71.2%, against 56.0%; GSM8k: 88.0%

Read on anthropic.com(new tab)
Source 30

The Claude 2.1 announcement

Read on anthropic.com(new tab)
Source 31

The Claude 3 announcement

Read on anthropic.com(new tab)
Source 32

Internal agentic coding evaluation: 64% of problems solved, against 38% for Claude 3 Opus

Read on anthropic.com(new tab)
Source 33

SWE-bench Verified: 49.0%, against 33.4%; OSWorld, screenshot only: 14.9%

Read on anthropic.com(new tab)
Source 34

SWE-bench Verified: 63.7%, and 70.3% with a custom scaffold

Read on anthropic.com(new tab)
Source 35

SWE-bench: 72.5% for Opus 4, 72.7% for Sonnet 4; Terminal-bench: 43.2% for Opus 4

Read on anthropic.com(new tab)
Source 36

SWE-bench Verified: 77.2%, averaged over 10 attempts; OSWorld: 61.4%

Read on anthropic.com(new tab)
Source 37

At the medium setting, Sonnet 4.5’s best score on SWE-bench Verified with 76% fewer tokens

Read on anthropic.com(new tab)
Source 38

Search in a very long text (MRCR v2, one million tokens): 76%, against 18.5% for Sonnet 4.5

Read on anthropic.com(new tab)
Source 39

SWE-bench Verified: 93.9%; GPQA Diamond: 94.6%

Read on anthropic.com(new tab)
Source 40

The announcement

Read on anthropic.com(new tab)
Source 41

HLE: 57.8% without tools, 63.8% with

Read on anthropic.com(new tab)
Source 42

On ARC-AGI 3, a score three times higher than the next model

Read on anthropic.com(new tab)
Source 43

HLE with tools: 67.7%; Terminal-Bench 4.0: 66.4%

Read on anthropic.com(new tab)
Source 44

The Bard announcement

Read on blog.google(new tab)
Source 45

The PaLM 2 announcement

Read on blog.google(new tab)
Source 46

MMLU: 90.0%

Read on blog.google(new tab)
Source 47

Finds a passage hidden in a very long text 99% of the time

Read on blog.google(new tab)
Source 48

MMLU: 64.3% for Gemma 7B

Read on huggingface.co(new tab)
Source 49

SWE-bench Verified: 51.8%

Read on developers.googleblog.com(new tab)
Source 50

The release notes

Read on ai.google.dev(new tab)
Source 51

HLE: 18.8% without tools, SWE-bench Verified: 63.8% with a custom agent

Read on blog.google(new tab)
Source 52

HLE: 37.5% without tools, SWE-bench Verified: 76.2%

Read on blog.google(new tab)
Source 53

ARC-AGI-2: 77.1%

Read on blog.google(new tab)
Source 54

3rd open model in the Arena text ranking

Read on blog.google(new tab)
Source 55

GPQA Diamond: 84.3% for the 31B

Read on huggingface.co(new tab)
Source 56

Terminal-Bench 2.1: 76.2%

Read on blog.google(new tab)
Source 57

DeepSWE v1.1: 77.9%; AutomationBench: 51.3%, in first place

Read on blog.google(new tab)
Source 58

LLaMA-13B beats GPT-3 on most benchmarks, LLaMA-65B rivals Chinchilla-70B and PaLM-540B

Read on arxiv.org(new tab)
Source 59

MMLU: 68.9% for the 70B

Read on huggingface.co(new tab)
Source 60

MMLU: 82.0% for the 70B Instruct

Read on huggingface.co(new tab)
Source 61

MMLU: 87.3%; HumanEval: 89.0% for the 405B Instruct

Read on huggingface.co(new tab)
Source 62

MMMU: 60.3% for the 90B Vision

Read on huggingface.co(new tab)
Source 63

GPQA Diamond: 50.5%, against 49.0% for the 405B

Read on huggingface.co(new tab)
Source 64

GPQA Diamond: 69.8%; MMLU Pro: 80.5% for Maverick

Read on huggingface.co(new tab)
Source 65

HLE: 58% in Contemplating mode

Read on ai.meta.com(new tab)
Source 66

SWE-bench Verified: 76.0%; AIME 2026: 94.7%

Read on huggingface.co(new tab)
Source 67

The announcement

Read on research.meta.ai(new tab)
Source 68

The announcement

Read on research.meta.ai(new tab)
Source 69

Real-time knowledge of the world through X

Read on x.ai(new tab)
Source 70

An in-house licence

Read on huggingface.co(new tab)
Source 71

The weights announcement

Read on x.ai(new tab)
Source 72

MMLU: 81.3%; MATH: 50.6%; HumanEval: 74.1%

Read on x.ai(new tab)
Source 73

GPQA: 56.0%; MMLU: 87.5%; HumanEval: 88.4%

Read on x.ai(new tab)
Source 74

AIME 2025: 93.3% at the highest compute setting; GPQA: 84.6%; LiveCodeBench: 79.4%

Read on x.ai(new tab)
Source 75

ARC-AGI-2: 15.9%, a record for a closed model; HLE, text-only questions: 50.7% for Grok 4 Heavy

Read on x.ai(new tab)
Source 76

GPQA Diamond: 85.7%; AIME 2025 without tools: 92.0%; HLE without tools: 20.0%

Read on x.ai(new tab)
Source 77

LMArena ranking (text): 1st with 1,483 Elo points for Grok 4.1 Thinking; preferred 64.78% of the time over the previous model

Read on x.ai(new tab)
Source 78

DeepSWE 1.0: 62.0%; Terminal-Bench 2.1: 83.3%; SWE-bench Pro: 64.7%

Read on x.ai(new tab)
Source 79

Artificial Analysis Intelligence Index: 61, at the level of GPT-5.6 Sol; CursorBench 3.2: 69.9%; DeepSWE 1.1: 65.9%

Read on x.ai(new tab)
Source 80

CursorBench 4.0: 46.3%; DeepSWE 1.1: 71.0% at high effort; Terminal-Bench 4.0: 37.6%

Read on x.ai(new tab)
Source 81

Raised €3 billion in September 2026

Read on mistral.ai(new tab)
Source 82

Mistral Large 4

Read on mistral.ai(new tab)
Source 83

Better than Llama 2 13B on all benchmarks tested

Read on mistral.ai(new tab)
Source 84

MT-Bench: 8.30

Read on mistral.ai(new tab)
Source 85

Second model available through an API, after GPT-4

Read on mistral.ai(new tab)
Source 86

The Codestral announcement

Read on mistral.ai(new tab)
Source 87

MMLU: 84.0%

Read on mistral.ai(new tab)
Source 88

MMMU: 52.5%

Read on mistral.ai(new tab)
Source 89

MMLU: over 81%

Read on mistral.ai(new tab)
Source 90

At least 90% of the level of Claude Sonnet 3.7

Read on mistral.ai(new tab)
Source 91

AIME 2024: 73.6% for Medium

Read on mistral.ai(new tab)
Source 92

2nd among open non-reasoning models on LMArena

Read on mistral.ai(new tab)
Source 93

AA LCR: 0.72

Read on mistral.ai(new tab)
Source 94

SWE-bench Verified: 77.6%

Read on mistral.ai(new tab)
Source 95

“Distill & commercialize freely!”

Read on api-docs.deepseek.com(new tab)
Source 96

Saves 42.5% of the training cost

Read on arxiv.org(new tab)
Source 97

2.788 million H800 GPU hours

Read on huggingface.co(new tab)
Source 98

One million tokens of context by default

Read on api-docs.deepseek.com(new tab)
Source 99

MMLU: 71.3% for the base version; HumanEval: 73.78% for the Chat version

Read on github.com(new tab)
Source 100

MMLU: 78.5% for the base version; HumanEval: 81.1% for the Chat version

Read on huggingface.co(new tab)
Source 101

The announcement

Read on api-docs.deepseek.com(new tab)
Source 102

GPQA Diamond: 71.5%; AIME 2024: 79.8%; SWE-bench Verified: 49.2%

Read on huggingface.co(new tab)
Source 103

GPQA Diamond: 80.1% with thinking; SWE-bench Verified: 66.0% in agent mode, without thinking

Read on huggingface.co(new tab)
Source 104

GPQA Diamond: 79.9%; HLE: 19.8%; SWE-bench Verified: 67.8%

Read on huggingface.co(new tab)
Source 105

The model card

Read on huggingface.co(new tab)
Source 106

GPQA Diamond: 90.1%; HLE: 37.7%; SWE-bench Verified: 80.6%

Read on huggingface.co(new tab)
Source 107

Dated update on 17 October

Read on api-docs.deepseek.com(new tab)
Source 108

GPQA Diamond: 90.9%; Terminal-Bench 2.1: 90.6%

Read on huggingface.co(new tab)
Source 109

201 languages and dialects with Qwen3.5

Read on alibabagroup.com(new tab)
Source 110

Qwen 4 was being trained

Read on alibabacloud.com(new tab)
Source 111

The Tongyi Qianwen announcement

Read on alibabagroup.com(new tab)
Source 112

MMLU: 56.7%

Read on huggingface.co(new tab)
Source 113

MMLU: 77.4%; GSM8K: 78.9%

Read on github.com(new tab)
Source 114

MMLU: 84.2% for the 72B; HumanEval: 86.0% for the 72B Instruct

Read on qwenlm.github.io(new tab)
Source 115

MMLU: 86.1% for the 72B; GPQA: 49.0% for the 72B Instruct

Read on qwenlm.github.io(new tab)
Source 116

GPQA: 65.2%; AIME: 50.0%

Read on qwenlm.github.io(new tab)
Source 117

The announcement

Read on qwenlm.github.io(new tab)
Source 118

The Qwen3 announcement

Read on qwenlm.github.io(new tab)
Source 119

SWE-bench Verified: 69.6%

Read on alibabacloud.com(new tab)
Source 120

GPQA: 88.4%; SWE-bench Verified: 76.4%

Read on huggingface.co(new tab)
Source 121

SWE-bench Verified: 80.4%; GPQA Diamond: 92.4%; HLE: 41.4%

Read on alibabacloud.com(new tab)
Source 122

The announcement

Read on alibabacloud.com(new tab)
Source 123

GPQA Diamond: 92.6%; HLE: 43.6%

Read on huggingface.co(new tab)
Source 124

A security review

Read on huggingface.co(new tab)
Source 125

The announcement

Read on github.com(new tab)
Source 126

MMLU: 40.63%

Read on github.com(new tab)
Source 127

MMLU: 61.4%; GSM8K: 72.3%

Read on github.com(new tab)
Source 128

The model card

Read on huggingface.co(new tab)
Source 129

3rd of all the models compared, closed and open, with an average of 63.2 over 12 benchmarks

Read on huggingface.co(new tab)
Source 130

SWE-bench Verified: 64.2%

Read on arxiv.org(new tab)
Source 131

The model card

Read on huggingface.co(new tab)
Source 132

SWE-bench Verified: 68.0%

Read on huggingface.co(new tab)
Source 133

SWE-bench Verified: 77.8%; HLE: 30.5% without tools, 50.4% with

Read on huggingface.co(new tab)
Source 134

SWE-bench Pro: 58.4%; HLE: 31.0% without tools, 52.3% with

Read on huggingface.co(new tab)
Source 135

SWE-bench Pro: 62.1%; GPQA Diamond: 91.2%

Read on huggingface.co(new tab)
Source 136

Terminal-Bench 2.1: 88.2%; HLE with tools: 62.5%

Read on huggingface.co(new tab)
Source 137

Display “Kimi K2” in the interface

Read on huggingface.co(new tab)
Source 138

A separate agreement

Read on huggingface.co(new tab)
Source 139

AIME: 77.5; MATH 500: 96.2; MathVista: 74.9

Read on arxiv.org(new tab)
Source 140

SWE-bench Verified: 65.8%; GPQA Diamond: 75.1%; MMLU: 89.5%

Read on kimi.ai(new tab)
Source 141

HLE with tools: 44.9%; SWE-bench Verified: 71.3%

Read on kimi.ai(new tab)
Source 142

HLE: 30.1% without tools, 50.2% with; SWE-bench Verified: 76.8%

Read on huggingface.co(new tab)
Source 143

SWE-bench Verified: 80.2%; GPQA Diamond: 90.5%

Read on huggingface.co(new tab)
Source 144

Terminal-Bench 2.1: 88.3%; GPQA Diamond: 93.5%

Read on huggingface.co(new tab)
Source 145

HLE: 43.5% without tools, 56.0% with

Read on github.com(new tab)
Source 146

AI Index 2025 report

Read on hai.stanford.edu(new tab)

Jim · founder of Brain Plus AI

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